The star has an apparent magnitude of 3.98 and is approximately 645 light years distant from us. It is another orange giant, belonging to the stellar class K1.5III. Γ Monocerotis (Gamma Monocerotis) is the third brightest star in the constellation. They all have masses in excess of 6. Beta Monocerotis A is 3,200 times more luminous than the Sun, while components B and C have 1,600 and 1,300 solar luminosities. All three stars in the system are very similar, spectral class B3 with temperatures around 18,500 K. ![]() There is also a fourth companion, a 12th magnitude star, visible nearby, but it is a line-of-sight companion and not physically related to the Beta Monocerotis system. All three components: Beta Monocerotis A, B and C are all B-class stars with circumstellar disks orbiting them. ![]() It is the brightest visible star in Monoceros. The system has a combined apparent magnitude of 3.74 and is approximately 700 light years distant from Earth. Β Monocerotis (Beta Monocerotis) is a triple star system requiring binoculars to resolve into individual stars. The star has a stellar mass 2.02 and a radius 10.1 times. It has an apparent magnitude of 3.94 and is approximately 144 light years distant from the Sun. It is an orange giant of K0 III classification. Α Monocerotis (Alpha Monocerotis) is the second brightest star in Monoceros. Many of the features of this dying star, particularly its X-shaped image, are still hidden or even outright mysterious.The stars of Monocerus. The Hubble Space Telescope has discovered a plethora of new features in the Red Rectangle that ground-based telescopes looking through Earth’s turbulent atmosphere cannot see. The disk, however, absorbs the stellar light and is barely visible in the stunning optical image, which primarily depicts a relatively diffuse outflow made up of material extracted from the denser disk. The Red Rectangle was the first nebula discovered to have an equatorial disk in rotation (the existence of such disks has been demonstrated only in a few of these objects, only expansion is observed in most of them). PAHs, on the other hand, could be formed as a result of the formation of a central photondissociation region, a region in which very active chemistry appears due to the dissociation of stable molecules by the central stellar system’s UV emission. The presence of such carbon-bearing macromolecules in the X-shaped nebular component, despite the fact that the equatorial regions are known to contain silicate-rich dust grains and O-bearing molecules, was interpreted as a change in the primary star’s O/C abundance ratio during its late evolution. The Red Rectangle has a high concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The central binary system is completely obscured, allowing no direct light to pass through. High-resolution images in visible and near-infrared light show it to be a highly symmetric, compact bipolar nebula with X-shaped spikes, implying anisotropic dispersion of the circumstellar material. The Red Rectangle Nebula is believed to be a late stage in the life of a star similar to our sun, and provides insight into the processes of stellar evolution and the formation of planetary nebulae. ![]() ![]() The nebula is about 2,300 light-years away from Earth and is one of the few planetary nebulae known to have a complex, asymmetrical shape. The red color is produced by the emission of hydrogen gas, which has been excited by ultraviolet radiation from the central star. It gets its name from its distinctive shape, which appears as a red rectangle in telescope images. The exact mechanisms responsible for the formation of this unusual shape are still not well understood. The nebula has a unique, symmetrical appearance due to the presence of two perpendicular sets of bipolar lobes. It is called the “Red Rectangle” due to its distinctive shape, which is a rectangle of reddish emission from the nebula, created by the outflow of gas from a dying star. The Red Rectangle Nebula (also known as HD 44179) is a planetary nebula located about 2,300 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Monoceros.
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